1. Historical Background

• Origin: CAT began developing electronic control valves in the early 20th century and applied them to large excavators, such as the 374D series.

• Development: In 2011, during a new machine training session in Yinchuan, Ningxia, I personally studied these systems. To this day, CAT’s F-series large excavators still use electronic control valves.

• Small and Medium Machines: Since 2017, CAT has applied ECV technology to mini and larger excavators sold in Mainland China, covering the entire range from 1-ton class and up.

2. Technical Features

1. Computer-Controlled Hydraulic Pump

   • The hydraulic pump and machine movements are coordinated by the computer for precise operation.

   • Mass production reduces overall machine cost and lowers prices—for example, a 20-ton GX series machine could be purchased with a three-year installment plan for as low as 660,000 RMB.

2. Electronic Control Circuits Replace Hydraulic Pilot Circuits

   • No longer relying on traditional hydraulic pilot circuits inside the cabin, which greatly reduces hydraulic oil leakage.

   • Joystick movements are converted into electrical signals via angle sensors → processed by the computer → executed by proportional solenoid valves.

   • All solenoid valves are proportional valves, not on/off types, enabling precise movement control.

3. Optimized Machine Movements

   • All actions are tested and calculated extensively, forming CAT’s unique electronic control logic to achieve optimal multi-condition coordination.

3. Maintenance and Operational Considerations

1. Keep the Operating Environment Clean

   • Avoid placing foreign objects (e.g., brooms, mixing sticks) in the cabin to prevent electrical interference or circuit damage.

   • Circuit damage requires not only component replacement but also full system recalibration to restore normal operation.

2. Maintenance Software and Calibration

   • Calibration software is stored in the machine’s computer.

   • Factory authorization and password are required to operate it, preventing misuse or malicious damage.

3. Operator Habits

   • Operators of the new generation CAT excavators should maintain good practices: only operate the joysticks, keep the cabin and circuits clean, and avoid any mechanical or electrical interference.

   • The system requires almost no traditional hydraulic maintenance—daily cleaning and proper operation are sufficient to maintain long-term reliability.

4. Summary of Experience

• The new CAT ECV provides high precision, low maintenance, and optimized machine movements.

• Key Factor: Operator habits and environmental management—keep everything clean, avoid interference, and follow calibration procedures.

• System Advantages: Reduced hydraulic leakage, improved movement coordination, and simplified maintenance.

• Hidden Risk: Improper cabin use or circuit damage can cause system malfunction; repairs are complex and require professional recalibration.